Tasks in DAGs with `depends_on_past` or `task_concurrency` are not being scheduled

Apache Airflow version: 1.10.13

What happened:

After performing an upgrade to v1.10.13 we noticed that tasks in some of our DAGs were not be scheduled. After a bit of investigation we discovered that by commenting out 'depends_on_past': True the issue went away.

What you expected to happen:

We think the issue might have something to do with this which was introduced to 1.10.13

[AIRFLOW-3607] Only query DB once per DAG run for TriggerRuleDep (#4751)

How to reproduce it:

1. Install Airflow v1.10.13 from pip
2. Start webserver and scheduler
3. Add the following code as a DAG
4. Switch the DAG on in the UI.

from airflow import models
from airflow.operators.dummy_operator import DummyOperator
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

default_args = {
    'owner': 'airflow',
    'start_date': datetime(2018, 10, 31),
    'depends_on_past': True,
    'retries': 3,
    'retry_delay': timedelta(minutes=5)
}

dag_name = 'my-test-dag'

with models.DAG(dag_name,
                default_args=default_args,
                schedule_interval='0 0 * * *',
                catchup=False,
                max_active_runs=5,
                ) as dag:

    test = DummyOperator(
        task_id='test'
    ) 

[kaxil]

https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/12663 should fix it @nathadfield @mthoretton

[kaxil]

I can confirm the bug. I was able to reproduce it with task with task_concurrency or depends_on_past with LocalExecutor and the following DAG:

from airflow import models
from airflow.operators.dummy_operator import DummyOperator
from airflow.operators.bash_operator import BashOperator
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

default_args = {
    'owner': 'airflow',
    'start_date': datetime(2018, 10, 31),
    'retries': 3,
    'retry_delay': timedelta(minutes=5)
}

dag_name = 'dag-bugcheck'

with models.DAG(dag_name,
                default_args=default_args,
                schedule_interval='0 0 * * *',
                catchup=False,
                max_active_runs=5,
                ) as dag:

    test1 = DummyOperator(
        task_id='test1',
        task_concurrency=10,
    )

    test2 = BashOperator(
        task_id='test2',
        bash_command='echo hi',
        depends_on_past=True,
    )

    test3 = BashOperator(
        task_id='test3',
        bash_command='echo hi',
    )