Error: Unable to build Espresso server - spawn ./gradlew ENOENT

Hi when I try to run the espresso server I got the ENOENT error.

Logs

[Espresso] Unable to build Espresso server - spawn ./gradlew ENOENT
[Espresso] Gradle error message:
[Espresso] 
[debug] [Espresso] Deleting espresso session
[debug] [W3C] Encountered internal error running command: A new session could not be created. Details: Unable to build Espresso server - spawn ./gradlew ENOENT
[debug] [W3C] Gradle error message:
[debug] [W3C] . Check https://github.com/appium/appium-espresso-driver#troubleshooting regarding advanced session startup troubleshooting.
[debug] [W3C] Error: Unable to build Espresso server - spawn ./gradlew ENOENT
[debug] [W3C] Gradle error message:
[debug] [W3C] . Check https://github.com/appium/appium-espresso-driver#troubleshooting regarding advanced session startup troubleshooting.
[debug] [W3C]     at Object.wrappedLogger.errorAndThrow (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/@appium/support/lib/logging.js:94:35)
[debug] [W3C]     at ServerBuilder.runBuildProcess (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/server-builder.js:195:4)
[debug] [W3C]     at ServerBuilder.build (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/server-builder.js:73:5)
[debug] [W3C]     at EspressoRunner.buildNewModServer (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/espresso-runner.js:188:5)
[debug] [W3C]     at EspressoRunner.installTestApk (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/espresso-runner.js:146:7)
[debug] [W3C]     at EspressoDriver.initAUT (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/driver.js:552:7)
[debug] [W3C]     at EspressoDriver.startEspressoSession (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/driver.js:422:5)
[debug] [W3C]     at EspressoDriver.createSession (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium-espresso-driver/lib/driver.js:225:7)
[debug] [W3C]     at AppiumDriver.createSession (/Users/zhaojy/ui-test/node_modules/appium/lib/appium.js:387:35)
[HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hub/session 500 4537 ms - 1977
[HTTP] 
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:preBuild UP-TO-DATE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:preDebugBuild UP-TO-DATE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugAidl NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugRenderscript NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugBuildConfig FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:checkDebugAarMetadata FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugResValues FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:mergeDebugResources FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:createDebugCompatibleScreenManifests FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:extractDeepLinksDebug FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugMainManifest FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugManifest FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugManifestForPackage FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugResources FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugKotlin FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:javaPreCompileDebug FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugJavaWithJavac FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:bundleDebugClasses FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:preDebugAndroidTestBuild SKIPPED
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugAndroidTestAidl NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugAndroidTestManifest
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugAndroidTestBuildConfig FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:checkDebugAndroidTestAarMetadata FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugAndroidTestRenderscript NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugAndroidTestResValues FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugAndroidTestResources UP-TO-DATE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:mergeDebugAndroidTestResources FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugAndroidTestResources FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugAndroidTestKotlin FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:javaPreCompileDebugAndroidTest FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugAndroidTestJavaWithJavac FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:mergeDebugAndroidTestShaders FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compileDebugAndroidTestShaders NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:generateDebugAndroidTestAssets UP-TO-DATE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:mergeDebugAndroidTestAssets FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:compressDebugAndroidTestAssets FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:processDebugAndroidTestJavaRes NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:mergeDebugAndroidTestJniLibFolders FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:mergeDebugAndroidTestNativeLibs NO-SOURCE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:checkDebugAndroidTestDuplicateClasses FROM-CACHE
[Gradle] [STDOUT] > Task :app:desugarDebugAndroidTestFileDependencies FROM-CACHE

It looks like it failed when spawning the subprocess to run ./gradlew but the command was executed successfully.

Environment

System: macOS Monterey Version 12.3.1 Node: v17.8.0 Appium: v1.22.3 Appium-Epsresso-Driver: v2.2.0

Workarounds found

1. Adding shell: true in the options passed to create the SubProcess instance in server-builder.js, runBuildProcess function:

const gradlebuild = new SubProcess(cmd, args, {
  // added
  shell: true,
  cwd: this.serverPath,
  stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe'],
  windowsVerbatimArguments: true
});

With this it seems the error is gone. 2. Changing the command to `${this.serverPath}/gradlew` instead of ./gradlew only

I wonder if it’s just my environment issue. I also tried to run a separate file using Node’s child_process’s spawn function and it also fails with ENOENT:

import { SubProcess } from 'teen_process'
import { spawn } from 'child_process'

// const cmd = '/var/folders/ym/czsz9g516kj4hnxkz3n7405jtjlz7x/T/espresso-server-emulator-5554/gradlew'
const cmd = './gradlew'
const args = [
  '-PappiumAndroidGradlePlugin=7.1.2',
  '-PappiumCompileSdk=31',
  '-PappiumBuildTools=31.0.0',
  '-PappiumTargetSdk=31',
  '-PappiumKotlin=1.6.10',
  '-PappiumComposeVersion=1.1.1',
  '-PappiumTargetPackage=<targetPackage>',
  'app:assembleAndroidTest']
const cwd = '/var/folders/ym/czsz9g516kj4hnxkz3n7405jtjlz7x/T/espresso-server-emulator-5554'

// const gradlew = spawn(cmd, args, { cwd })
const gradlew = spawn(cmd, args,
  {
    cwd,
    // shell: true,
  })
gradlew.on('error', (err) => {
  console.error(err.message)
  console.error(err)
})
gradlew.stdout.on('data', (data) => {
  console.log(data.toString())
})
gradlew.stderr.on('data', (data) => {
  console.error(data.toString())
})
gradlew.on('close', (code) => {
  console.log(`child process exited with code ${code}`)
})

Again, uncommenting // shell: true will also fix the issue

[JasonSznol]

I was able to resolve the issue, turns out NPM was resolving a very old version of the driver. Sorry about that!

[JasonSznol]

@psangwan8 In my case when I ran npm install it would resolve version 1.45 of the espresso driver instead of the 2.2.1 defined in the package.json file. To fix this I edited the package-lock.json file to remove the resolved dependency of the old espresso driver, removed the node_modules directory and ran npm ci to reinstall all the dependent packages; npm ci will respect what is in the package-lock.json file whereas npm install would not.