[BUG] INSERT INTO with generated columns fails (not enough data columns)

When executing sql("INSERT INTO delta_gencols VALUES 1") Delta Lake 1.2.1 fails with the following AnalysisException:

org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException: Cannot write to 'default.delta_gencols', not enough data columns; target table has 2 column(s) but the inserted data has 1 column(s)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaErrors$.notEnoughColumnsInInsert(DeltaErrors.scala:356)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaAnalysis.org$apache$spark$sql$delta$DeltaAnalysis$$needsSchemaAdjustment(DeltaAnalysis.scala:322)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaAnalysis$$anonfun$apply$1.applyOrElse(DeltaAnalysis.scala:67)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaAnalysis$$anonfun$apply$1.applyOrElse(DeltaAnalysis.scala:64)

The table was created as follows:

import io.delta.tables.DeltaTable
import org.apache.spark.sql.types.DataTypes

val tableName = "delta_gencols"
sql(s"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $tableName")
DeltaTable.create
  .addColumn("id", DataTypes.LongType, nullable = false)
  .addColumn(
    DeltaTable.columnBuilder("value")
      .dataType(DataTypes.BooleanType)
      .generatedAlwaysAs("true")
      .build)
  .tableName(tableName)
  .execute

I found this conversation with @zsxwing in delta-users group, but that does not seem to apply (unless I’m mistaken):

The INSERT INTO issue and CREATE TABLE syntax for generated columns are not available in OSS Delta Lake right now because Apache Spark SQL parser doesn't support them.

Spark SQL API works just fine:

spark.range(5).writeTo(tableName).append()

Environment information

• Delta Lake version: 1.2.1
• Spark version: 3.2.1
• Scala version: 2.12.15

Welcome to
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    _\ \/ _ \/ _ `/ __/  '_/
   /___/ .__/\_,_/_/ /_/\_\   version 3.2.1
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Using Scala version 2.12.15 (OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM, Java 11.0.14)

[zsxwing]

For the query INSERT INTO delta_gencols VALUES 1 (delta_gencols has the id and value column as shown in the issue description), we don’t support it as it’s not a SQL standard. The following two SQL syntax are the standard:

• INSERT INTO delta_gencols VALUES(1, DEFAULT). Spark is adding the DEFAULT keyword support and we will work with them to make it work with generated columns as well ( https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-38334 )
• INSERT INTO delta_gencols(id) VALUES(1). Currently Spark will block such INSERT query if the user doesn’t provide the entire column list. We are working on this and hope to remove the restriction so that we can make it work with generated columns in Delta.

[zsxwing]

@keen85 SPARK-41290 is the spark side ticket. We will make sure insert into works with Generated Columns when finishing the change in Spark side.