pip install error

when running

pip install ipython

i get

Collecting ipython
  Using cached ipython-5.3.0-py2-none-any.whl
Collecting pickleshare (from ipython)
  Using cached pickleshare-0.7.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting simplegeneric>0.8 (from ipython)
Collecting traitlets>=4.2 (from ipython)
  Using cached traitlets-4.3.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting backports.shutil-get-terminal-size; python_version == "2.7" (from ipython)
  Using cached backports.shutil_get_terminal_size-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting decorator (from ipython)
  Using cached decorator-4.0.11-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pygments (from ipython)
  Using cached Pygments-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: pexpect; sys_platform != "win32" in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ipython)
Collecting pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3" (from ipython)
  Using cached pathlib2-2.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=18.5 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ipython)
Collecting prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4 (from ipython)
  Using cached prompt_toolkit-1.0.14-py2-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: enum34; python_version == "2.7" in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
Collecting ipython-genutils (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
  Using cached ipython_genutils-0.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting scandir; python_version < "3.5" (from pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3"->ipython)
  Using cached scandir-1.5.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: appdirs>=1.4.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from setuptools>=18.5->ipython)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging>=16.8 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from setuptools>=18.5->ipython)
Collecting wcwidth (from prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4->ipython)
  Using cached wcwidth-0.1.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from packaging>=16.8->setuptools>=18.5->ipython)
Building wheels for collected packages: scandir
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for scandir ... error
  Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-mGtqyq/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmpzPzH0bpip-wheel- --python-tag cp27:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  copying scandir.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  running build_ext
  building '_scandir' extension
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
  x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _scandir.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_scandir.o
  _scandir.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
   #include <Python.h>
                      ^
  compilation terminated.
  error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
  
  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for scandir
  Running setup.py clean for scandir
Failed to build scandir
Installing collected packages: scandir, pathlib2, pickleshare, simplegeneric, decorator, ipython-genutils, traitlets, backports.shutil-get-terminal-size, pygments, wcwidth, prompt-toolkit, ipython
  Running setup.py install for scandir ... error
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-mGtqyq/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-kVFdnD-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    copying scandir.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    running build_ext
    building '_scandir' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _scandir.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_scandir.o
    _scandir.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include <Python.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-mGtqyq/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-kVFdnD-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-mGtqyq/scandir/

[Carreau]

That’s unrelated to IPython, the issue comes from installing scandir, you should see that with the scandir maintainers.

If you are missing Python.h during compilation that’s likely because you are missing the Python header. If you are going to compile c-extensions (which you do implicitly by install in scandir) you may want to install the Python headers (apt-get install python-dev maybe ?).

[jmchambers90]

It’s really strange for yum to have python34-devel.x86_64 and not the equivalent for Python 2.7.

To fix your immediate problem, you can download and install the Python 2.7 development package directly from the CentOS repo at http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-devel-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm. Then you can scp it over and install it as follows:

sudo rpm -ivh python-devel-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm

In the long run, you’ll probably want to add the CentOS repositories to yum so you can get the other yum packages you’re interested in. See https://techglimpse.com/configure-yum-rhel-centos-repository/.