ERC721: unable to access token with ownerOf, getting "owner query for nonexistent token"

Issue

Getting Error: Returned error: VM Exception while processing transaction: revert ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token while trying to use the ownerOf function, which means that the ID used for ownerOf is wrong but it doesn’t make any sense.

Steps to reproduce

1. Create a project using Truffle, OpenZeppelin

truffle init
npm init
npm install @openzeppelin/contracts

1. Edit truffle-config.js to use latest version of Solidity:

  compilers: {
    solc: {
      version: "0.8.3",    // Fetch exact version from solc-bin (default: truffle's version)
      // docker: true,        // Use "0.5.1" you've installed locally with docker (default: false)
      // settings: {          // See the solidity docs for advice about optimization and evmVersion
      //  optimizer: {
      //    enabled: false,
      //    runs: 200
      //  },
      //  evmVersion: "byzantium"
      // }
    }
  },

1. Create contracts/GameItem.sol according to OpenZeppelin documentation on ERC721

// contracts/GameItem.sol
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721URIStorage.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Counters.sol";

contract GameItem is ERC721URIStorage {
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;
    Counters.Counter private _tokenIds;

    constructor() ERC721("GameItem", "ITM") {}

    function awardItem(address player, string memory tokenURI)
        public
        returns (uint256)
    {
        _tokenIds.increment();

        uint256 newItemId = _tokenIds.current();
        _mint(player, newItemId);
        _setTokenURI(newItemId, tokenURI);

        return newItemId;
    }
}

1. Create migrations/2_deploy_contracts.js

const GameItem = artifacts.require("GameItem")

module.exports = function (deployer) {
    deployer.deploy(GameItem)
}

1. Create tests/GameItem.test.js the purpose of which is to mint a token and find its owner

const GameItem = artifacts.require("GameItem")

contract("GameItem", (accounts) => {
    before(async() => {
        gameItem = await GameItem.deployed()
    })

    it("Minting", async() => {
        gameItem.awardItem(accounts[0], "meta")
        let result = await gameItem.ownerOf(1)
        console.log(result)
    })
})

1. Run truffle test and get the following:

Contract: GameItem
    1) Minting

    Events emitted during test:
    ---------------------------

    IERC721.Transfer(
      from: <indexed> 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 (type: address),
      to: <indexed> 0x627306090abaB3A6e1400e9345bC60c78a8BEf57 (type: address),
      tokenId: <indexed> 1 (type: uint256)
    )


    ---------------------------


  0 passing (1s)
  1 failing

  1) Contract: GameItem
       Minting:
     Error: Returned error: VM Exception while processing transaction: revert ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token
      at Context.<anonymous> (test/GameItem.test.js:11:37)
      at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:95:5)

What I think is happening

For some reason, 1 is an incorrect ID, even though when I transfer a token by that ID, it doesn’t throw an exception. (I used transferFrom(), if token with ID 1 wouldn’t exist it would throw an exception since it requires _isApprovedOrOwner, and _isApprovedOrOwner requires _exists. But it worked well until I decided to check the owner by ID.)

What I tried to do

1. Doing the same in development mode

truffle development
migrate
gameItem = await GameItem.deployed()
gameItem.awardItem(accounts[0], "meta")
gameItem.ownerOf(1)

Works as intended, returns an address, no exceptions.

1. Then I thought: maybe the ID is actually different, not 1. So I decided to take control of it instead of using awardItem from docs. I added the following function to GameItem.sol:

function mintWrapper(address player, uint256 tokenId)
        public
    {
        _mint(player, tokenId);
    }

And used that function in the GameItem.test.js:

    it("Minting", async() => {
        // gameItem.awardItem(accounts[0], "meta")
        gameItem.mintWrapper(accounts[0], 1)
        let result = await gameItem.ownerOf(1)
        console.log(result)
    }

So now I control the ID of the token, I specified it to be 1, and yet gameItem.ownerOf(1) throws an exception.

Environment

• OS: macOS

• Truffle version: v5.4.9

• Solidity version: 0.8.3

• Node.js version: v14.17.1

• web3.js version: v1.5.2

[ohaponiuk]

I forgot to run Ganache 😅 That’s it

[Amxx]

You can await without putting the result in a variable