PackageProvider and PSRepository Broken - Ubuntu 20.04

Steps to reproduce

Get-PackageProvider
Get-PSRepository

Expected behavior

Name                     Version          DynamicOptions
----                     -------          --------------
NuGet                    3.0.0.1          Destination, ExcludeVersion, Scope, SkipDependencies, Headers, FilterOnTag, Contains, AllowPrereleaseVersions, ConfigFile, SkipValidate
PowerShellGet            2.2.5.0          PackageManagementProvider, Type, Scope, AllowClobber, SkipPublisherCheck, InstallUpdate, NoPathUpdate, AllowPrereleaseVersions, Filter, Tag, Includes, DscR

Name                      InstallationPolicy   SourceLocation
----                      ------------------   --------------
PSGallery                 Untrusted            https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2

Actual behavior

Get-PackageProvider: Unhandled Exception - Message:'The type initializer for 'Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Extensions.FilesystemExtensions' threw an exception.' Name
:'TypeInitializationException' Stack Trace:'   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Extensions.FilesystemExtensions.MakeSafeFileName(String input)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicType.DefineDynamicType(Type interfaceType)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicType..ctor(Type interfaceType, OrderedDictionary`2 methods, List`2 delegates, List`1 stubs)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicType.<>c__DisplayClass9_0.<Create>b__3()
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Extensions.DictionaryExtensions.GetOrAdd[TKey,TValue](IDictionary`2 dictionary, TKey key, Func`1 valueFunction)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicType.Create(Type tInterface, OrderedDictionary`2 instanceMethods, List`2 delegateMethods, List`1 stubMethods, List`2
usedInstances)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicInterface.CreateProxy(Type tInterface, Object[] instances)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicInterface.DynamicCast(Type tInterface, Object[] instances)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicInterface.DynamicCast[TInterface](Object[] instances)
   at Microsoft.PackageManagement.Internal.Utility.Plugin.DynamicInterfaceExtensions.As[TInterface](Object instance)
   at Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.CmdletBase.get_PackageManagementHost()
   at Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.CmdletBase.SelectProviders(String[] names)
   at Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.GetPackageProvider.ProcessRecordAsync()
   at Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.AsyncCmdlet.<>c__DisplayClass83_0.<AsyncRun>b__0()'

DEBUG: 00:00:00.0000001 Calling ImportPackageProvider. providerName = 'PowerShellGet', requiredVersion='', minimumVersion = '', maximumVersion=''
DEBUG: 00:00:00.0001182 Calling ImportPackageProviderViaName. providerName = 'PowerShellGet', requiredVersion='', minimumVersion = '', maximumVersion=''
VERBOSE: PowerShell meta provider initialization failed.
VERBOSE: No match was found for the specified search criteria and provider name 'PowerShellGet'. Try 'Get-PackageProvider -ListAvailable' to see if the provider exists on the system
.
Get-PackageSource: /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/Modules/PowerShellGet/PSModule.psm1:9539
Line |
9539 |  … ckageSources = PackageManagement\Get-PackageSource @PSBoundParameters
     |                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     | Unable to find module providers (PowerShellGet).

Environment data

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.1.3
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.1.3
OS                             Linux 5.4.0-1046-azure #48-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 1…
Platform                       Unix
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0

Network Connectivity to powershellgallery.com

I am able to connect https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2 successfully, proxy is bypassed for this connection, on same network PowerShell 7.1.3 works fine with Ubuntu 18.04 distribution

*   Trying 168.61.186.235:443...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to www.powershellgallery.com (168.61.186.235) port 443 (#0)
* ALPN, offering h2
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* successfully set certificate verify locations:

[daxian-dbw]

@rjmholt It looks the problem is resolved, so I marked Resolution-Answered. Feel free to change the label if there is remaining issues to be looked into.

[rjmholt]

Trying to install a module to AllUsers as root on a fresh 20.04 VM gave me permissions of 755 on a newly installed module there (and the module directory itself), so this may be something idiosyncratic to CloudInit.