ValueError: Only unicode objects are escapable.

Using requests 0.14.2 (tried 1.0.4 too and think I got the same thing) and Python 2.7.3. Getting this error when trying to make a request. Relevant part of stack trace:

  File "/Users/john/.virtualenvs/dashboard/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauthlib/oauth1/rfc5849/__init__.py", line 215, in sign
    request.oauth_params.append(('oauth_signature', self.get_oauth_signature(request)))
  File "/Users/john/.virtualenvs/dashboard/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauthlib/oauth1/rfc5849/__init__.py", line 67, in get_oauth_signature
    uri, headers, body = self._render(request)
  File "/Users/john/.virtualenvs/dashboard/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauthlib/oauth1/rfc5849/__init__.py", line 137, in _render
    headers = parameters.prepare_headers(request.oauth_params, request.headers, realm=realm)
  File "/Users/john/.virtualenvs/dashboard/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauthlib/oauth1/rfc5849/utils.py", line 32, in wrapper
    return target(params, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/john/.virtualenvs/dashboard/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauthlib/oauth1/rfc5849/parameters.py", line 58, in prepare_headers
    escaped_value = utils.escape(value)
  File "/Users/john/.virtualenvs/dashboard/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauthlib/oauth1/rfc5849/utils.py", line 56, in escape
    raise ValueError('Only unicode objects are escapable.')
ValueError: Only unicode objects are escapable.

[theladyjaye]

Add this line to the top of your python module:

from __future__ import unicode_literals

[marco-lancini]

I encountered the same problem. The fact is that in this way:

credentials = parse_qs(r.content)
resource_owner_key = credentials.get('oauth_token')
resource_owner_secret = credentials.get('oauth_token_secret')

both resource_owner_key and resource_owner_secret are lists containing one element each. I solved this issues simply extracting the only element present in each list

resource_owner_key = credentials.get('oauth_token')[0]
resource_owner_secret = credentials.get('oauth_token_secret')[0]