Update `scipy/__config__.py` to contain useful information

Describe your issue.

Just as the title suggests, on Windows when the username contains a single quote, importing the scipy package would cause an error.

Reproducing Code Example

python -c "import scipy"

Error message

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\Praxelogist's Lab\.conda\envs\losthub\lib\site-packages\scipy\__init__.py", line 134, in <module>
    from scipy.__config__ import show as show_config
  File "C:\Users\Praxelogist's Lab\.conda\envs\losthub\lib\site-packages\scipy\__config__.py", line 27
    lapack_info={'libraries': ['lapack', 'blas', 'lapack', 'blas'], 'library_dirs': ['C:/Users/Praxelogist's Lab/.conda/envs/losthub\\Library\\lib'], 'language': 'f77'}
                                                                                                           ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

SciPy/NumPy/Python version information

numpy==1.23.1 python==3.9.13 scipy==1.9.0

[eli-schwartz]

You can get the compilers with:

comp.get_id()
comp.get_linker_id()
comp.version()
comp.cmd_array()

You can get the OS and CPU type with:

host_machine.cpu()
host_machine.cpu_family()

For build dependencies, you can push them to an array when looking them up, then iterate over them and check:

dep.name()
dep.found()
dep.version()

For the found version of Python, I think the primary useful information shown in the debug log is the path, anyway, right? So,

py_installation.path()

By the way, you can also use

py_installation.get_path('xxx')
py_installation.get_variable('xxx')

to get arbitrary sysconfig paths and config_vars, respectively, from that found python installation.

The one thing missing here is user-specified Build Options: xxx. By coincidence, someone else has proposed the same feature at https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson/issues/10898 and there’s a linked PR to implement it as well.

[rgommers]

This is now in progress for NumPy: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/pull/22769. So probably best to finish it there, and then sync whatever comes out to SciPy.