`getServerSideProps` does not set cookies using client side navigation

1. Performance issues with server-side rendering (SSR):

Problem Description: When using server-side rendering in Next.js, performance issues can arise due to inefficient rendering or excessive data fetching. This can lead to slow page load times and poor user experience.

Solution: To improve SSR performance in Next.js, optimize rendering and data fetching processes. Use the getStaticProps or getServerSideProps methods to pre-fetch data and render the page with the required data. Implement caching mechanisms to avoid unnecessary data fetches. Additionally, leverage features like incremental static regeneration (revalidate option) to update data at regular intervals without re-rendering the entire page.

Code Example:

// pages/index.js
import { getStaticProps } from 'next';

export function HomePage({ data }) {
  // Render the page using the fetched data
}

export async function getStaticProps() {
  const data = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data');
  // Process data and return it as props
  return {
    props: {
      data,
    },
    revalidate: 60, // Re-generate the page every 60 seconds
  };
}

2. Handling authentication and authorization:

Problem Description: Next.js applications often require authentication and authorization mechanisms to restrict access to certain routes or components. Implementing secure authentication and authorization flows can be challenging.

Solution: Utilize authentication libraries or frameworks like NextAuth.js or JWT (JSON Web Tokens) to handle user authentication and authorization. Implement protected routes that check the user’s authentication status and role/permissions before rendering certain components or pages. Use server-side or API routes to handle authentication requests and store session data securely.

Code Example:

// pages/dashboard.js
import { getSession } from 'next-auth/client';

export function DashboardPage({ user }) {
  // Render the dashboard page for authenticated users
}

export async function getServerSideProps(context) {
  const session = await getSession(context);
  if (!session) {
    // Redirect unauthenticated users
    return {
      redirect: {
        destination: '/login',
        permanent: false,
      },
    };
  }
  // Retrieve user data and pass it as props
  return {
    props: {
      user: session.user,
    },
  };
}

3. CSS and styling challenges:

Problem Description: Working with CSS and styles in Next.js can be complex, especially when dealing with global styles, CSS frameworks, or CSS-in-JS solutions. Conflicts, styling inconsistencies, and class name collisions are common issues.

Solution: Leverage CSS modules, CSS-in-JS libraries (e.g., styled-components, emotion), or CSS frameworks (e.g., Tailwind CSS) to encapsulate styles and avoid conflicts. Use CSS reset or normalize styles to establish a consistent baseline. Optimize CSS delivery by extracting critical CSS and deferring non-critical styles. Additionally, leverage Next.js’s built-in support for CSS modules to scope styles to specific components.

Code Example:

// components/Button.js
import styles from './Button.module.css';

export function Button({ children }) {
  return <button className={styles.button}>{children}</button>;
}

// Button.module.css
.button {
  /* Styles specific to the Button component */
}